Changes between Version 14 and Version 15 of Help/Concepts/Object


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Timestamp:
2011-11-17T12:43:26+01:00 (14 years ago)
Author:
skyper
Comment:

updated page

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  • Help/Concepts/Object

    v14 v15  
    33= Objects - The basic building blocks of OSM data and maps =
    44
    5 JOSM helps you to enter data about real-world objects in the OSM geo-database. Despite the overhelming complexity of real-world objects you can map, JOSM provides only three kinds of objects as basic building blocks for maps: '''nodes''', '''ways''', and '''relations'''.
     5JOSM helps you to enter data about real-world objects in the OSM geo-database. Despite the overhelming complexity of real-world objects you can map, JOSM provides only three kinds of objects as basic building blocks for maps: [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/node.png)]] **[#Nodes nodes]**, [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/way.png)]] **[#Ways ways]**, and [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/relation.png)]] **[#Relations relations]**.
    66
    7 You can assign '''tags''' to objects. It's the assigned set of tags which makes a node representing a restaurant different from a node representing a church, or a way representing a residential road different from a ways representing a river, or a relation representing a bus route different from a relation representing a cycling route.
     7You can assign **[#Tags tags]** to objects. It's the assigned set of tags which makes a node representing a restaurant different from a node representing a church, or a way representing a residential road different from a ways representing a river, or a relation representing a bus route different from a relation representing a cycling route.
    88
    99[[TOC(inline)]]
    … …  
    1111== Nodes, ways, and relations == #NodesWaysRelations
    1212=== Nodes ===
    13 [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/node.png)]] A '''node''' is an individual point with a defined position.
     13[[Image(source:trunk/images/data/node.png)]] A **node** is an individual point with a defined position.
    1414
    1515=== Ways ===
    16 [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/way.png)]] A '''way''' is a sequence of nodes. Despite its name a [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/way.png)]] '''way''' doesn't represent ways in the real-world only. An OSM [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/way.png)]] '''way''' is also used to represent a river, the boundaries of a country, or even a building.
     16[[Image(source:trunk/images/data/way.png)]] A **way** is a sequence of nodes. Despite its name a [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/way.png)]] **way** doesn't represent ways in the real-world only. An OSM [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/way.png)]] **way** is also used to represent a river, the boundaries of a country, or even a building.
    1717
    1818==== Closed Ways (Areas) ==== #ClosedWays
    … …  
    2020
    2121=== Relations ===
    22 [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/relation.png)]] A '''relation''' is an sequence of other objects, for instance a sequence of [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/way.png)]] '''ways''' (representing road segments) and [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/node.png)]] '''nodes''' (representing bus stops) which represent a bus route. Each object participating in a [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/relation.png)]] '''relation''' can be assigned a '''role''', for instance `stop` for a bus stop in the bus route, or `forward` for a road segment which is part of the bus route from the start to the terminal station.
     22[[Image(source:trunk/images/data/relation.png)]] A **relation** is an sequence of other objects, for instance a sequence of [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/way.png)]] **ways** (representing road segments) and [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/node.png)]] **nodes** (representing bus stops) which represent a bus route. Each object participating in a [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/relation.png)]] **relation** can be assigned a **role**, for instance `stop` for a bus stop in the bus route, or `forward` for a road segment which is part of the bus route from the start to the terminal station.
    2323
    2424== Tags ==
    25 A '''tag''' is a name/value pair assigned to an object. Tags are used to describe an object in detail. If we write `foo`=`bar` we mean ''The tag with key foo is assigned the value bar''. Here are some examples:
     25A **tag** is a name/value pair assigned to an object. Tags are used to describe an object in detail. If we write `foo`=`bar` we mean ''The tag with key foo is assigned the value bar''. Here are some examples:
    2626* `name`=`Main road` assigned to a '''way'''. This tag indicates that the name of the way is `Main road`.
    2727* `amenity`=`restaurant` assigned to a '''node'''. This tag indicates that the '''node''' represents a restaurant in the real-world.
    … …  
    2929
    3030Tags can be combined. An object can carry as many tags as necessary. Here's a more complex example:
     31
    3132{{{
    3233highway=living_street
    … …  
    3738oneway=yes
    3839}}}
    39 Assigned to a [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/way.png)]] **way**, this set of '''tags''' indicate, that the [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/way.png)]] '''way''' represents a living street with name ''Main road'' (the German name be ''Hauptstrasse''). Speed is limited to 30km/h and heavy goods vehicles (hgv) are not allowed. Furthermore, it's a one way street.
    4040
    41 You are free to assign an object whatever tag you feel necessary. However, there is a list of so called [http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Map_Features Map Features], i.e. a canonical list of '''tags''' with a well-defined meaning which are often used by mappers. Whenever possible you are adviced to stick to these tags because map renderers, routing engines, and other pieces of software rely on them.
     41Assigned to a [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/way.png)]] **way**, this set of **tags** indicate, that the [[Image(source:trunk/images/data/way.png)]] '''way''' represents a living street with name ''Main road'' (the German name be ''Hauptstrasse''). Speed is limited to 30km/h and heavy goods vehicles (hgv) are not allowed. Furthermore, it's a one way street.
     42
     43You are free to assign an object whatever tag you feel necessary. However, there is a list of so called [https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Map_Features Map Features], i.e. a canonical list of **tags** with a well-defined meaning which are often used by mappers. Whenever possible you are adviced to stick to these tags because map renderers, routing engines, and other pieces of software rely on them.
    4244
    4345In the [[Image(source:trunk/images/dialogs/propertiesdialog.png)]] [Dialog/Properties Properties Dialog] you can assign tags to an object, remove tags from an object, or edit assigned tags.
    4446
    4547== Object ids ==
    46 The OSM server assigns each object a unique number, the '''object ID''' or '''OSM ID'''. A new object doesn't have an ID (it's ID is 0) until it is uploaded the first time to the OSM server.
     48The OSM server assigns each object a unique number, the **object ID** or **OSM ID**. A new object doesn't have an ID (it's ID is 0) until it is uploaded the first time to the OSM server.
    4749
    48 Under **[[Image(source:trunk/images/preference.png)]] [Action/Preferences Preferences] -> [[Image(source:trunk/images/preferences/display.png,20)]] [Preferences/Display Display Settings] -> Look and Feel** it is possible to en- or disable the display of objects ids in the toggle dialogs.
     50Under **''[[Image(source:trunk/images/preference.png)]] [Action/Preferences Preferences] -> [[Image(source:trunk/images/preferences/display.png,20)]] [Preferences/Display Display Settings] -> Look and Feel''** it is possible to en- or disable the display of objects ids in the toggle dialogs.
    4951
    50 With **[Menu/File File] -> [[Image(source:trunk/images/downloadprimitive.png)]] [Action/DownloadObject Download object ...]** (''{{{Ctrl+Shift+O}}}'') it is possible to download '''objects''' by Ids.
     52With **''[Menu/File File] -> [[Image(source:trunk/images/downloadprimitive.png)]] [Action/DownloadObject Download object ...]''** (''{{{Ctrl+Shift+O}}}'') it is possible to download **objects** by Ids.
    5153
    52 **View -> [[Image(source:trunk/images/about.png)]] [Action/InfoAboutElements Info about Element]** (''{{{Ctrl+I}}}'') opens the '''objects' pages''' of selected objects on the [http://www.openstreetmap.org OSM website] in your web browser.
     54**''[Menu/View View] -> [[Image(source:trunk/images/about.png)]] [Action/InfoAboutElements Advanced info]''** (''{{{Ctrl+I}}}'') opens seperated windows with informations about selected objects in text format. [[BR]]
     55**''[Menu/View View] -> [[Image(source:trunk/images/about.png)]] [Action/InfoAboutElementsWeb Advanced info (web)]''** (''{{{Ctrl+Shift+I}}}'') opens the **objects' pages** of selected objects on the [http://www.openstreetmap.org OSM website] in your web browser.
    5356
    5457Alternatively, you can browse the objects directly by entering following address in your web browser:
    5558
    56 {{{http://www.openstreetmap.org/browse/[node/way/relation]/[ID]}}}
     59{{{
     60http://www.openstreetmap.org/browse/[node/way/relation]/[ID]
     61}}}
    5762
    5863== Object versions ==
    59 Each object has a '''version'''. The '''version''' is incremented whenever the object is uploaded to the server and the OSM server not only stores the most recent version of an object, but it's complete '''history'''.
     64Each object has a **version**. The **version** is incremented whenever the object is uploaded to the server and the OSM server not only stores the most recent version of an object, but it's complete **history**.
    6065
    61 In the [[Image(source:trunk/images/dialogs/history.png)]] [Dialog/History History Dialog] you can load the '''history''' of an object and launch the [Dialog/History#Workingwiththehistorybrowser History Browser]. The History Browser will show you the '''versions''' of a particular object.
     66**''[Menu/View View] -> [[Image(source:trunk/images/about.png)]] [Action/ObjectHistory History]''** (''{{{Ctrl+H}}}'')  opens the [Dialog/History#Workingwiththehistorybrowser History Browser]. The History Browser will show you the **versions** of a particular object.
     67[[BR]]
     68Alternatively, **''[Menu/View View] -> [[Image(source:trunk/images/about.png)]] [Action/ObjectHistoryWeb History (web)]''** (''{{{Ctrl+Shift+H}}}'')  opens a page on the [http://www.openstreetmap.org OSM website] in your web browser which displays the object history, too.
    6269
    63 Alternatively, **''View -> [[Image(source:trunk/images/about.png)]] [Action/ObjectHistory Object history]''** opens a page on the [http://www.openstreetmap.org OSM website] in your web browser which displays the object history, too.
     70In the [[Image(source:trunk/images/dialogs/history.png)]] [Dialog/History History Dialog] you can load the **history** of an object and launch the [Dialog/History#Workingwiththehistorybrowser History Browser].
    6471
    6572----