[[TranslatedPages(revision=119,outdated=Der Abschnitt 'XML Format Beschreibung' muss noch übersetzt werden.)]]
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= Objektvorlagen =

JOSM unterstützt verteilte Objektvorlagen. Eine XML-Konfigurationsdatei, um die Eingabe von Tags (oder Eigenschaften, Anmerkungen) mit einem Dialog zu beschreiben. Die XML-Dateien können überall im Netz oder lokal im Dateisystem gespeichert werden. Objektvorlagen können durch den Benutzer auf der zentralen Seite [wiki:De:Presets JOSM Objektvorlagen] hinzugefügt werden.

== Installieren einer Objektvorlage ==
Entweder:
* Klicke im Hauptmenü [Help/Menu/Presets Vorlagen] auf "Vorlagen Einstellungen".
* Öffne den [wiki:De:Help/Action/Preferences Einstellungen Dialog], klicke auf [[Image(source:trunk/images/preferences/map.png,20)]] Karteneinstellungen und selektiere den dritten Reiter [Help/Preferences/Map#TaggingPresets "Objektvorlagen"].

== Eine neue Objektvorlage erstellen ==
Die Beschreibung einer Objektvorlage geschieht in einem einfachen XML Format. Details siehe [#XML unten].

Siehe **[source:trunk/data/defaultpresets.xml defaultpresets.xml]** als Beispiel, welches die meisten der unten aufgelisteten Möglichkeiten abdeckt.

Das vollständige XSD Schema ist im Namensraum URI (http://josm.openstreetmap.de/tagging-preset-1.0) sowie [source:trunk/data/tagging-preset.xsd im Quellverzeichnis] verfügbar.

Um eine Vorlage der Liste der verfügbaren Vorlagen hinzuzufügen, siehe [wiki:De:Presets#Createnewpresets JOSM Objektvorlagen]

Beispiel:
[[Image(wiki:TaggingPresets:Change 1 object.png,align=right)]]

{{{
#!xml 
<presets xmlns="http://josm.openstreetmap.de/tagging-preset-1.0">
  <item name="Oneway highway" type="way">
    <label text="Inserting a unidirectional highway" />

    <combo key="highway" text="Type" values="trunk,motorway" />
    <text key="name" text="Name (e.g. Angel Road)" />
    <text key="ref" text="Ref (e.g. A406)" />

    <!-- This is a oneway preset, so make oneway default -->
    <check key="oneway" text="Oneway" default="on" />

    <!-- Always setting asphalt surface -->
    <key key="surface" value="asphalt" />
  </item>
</presets>
}}}

Das Tool [http://visualtags.hotosm.org/ HOT Visual Tag Chooser] erlaubt dem Nutzer Objektvorlagen mithilfe eines Webinterfaces zu erstellen oder zu bearbeiten.

== XML Format Beschreibung ==#XML
=== Tags ===
==== The document prolog ====
 <presets>::
  Has to be the main tag of the file. Supports following attributes
  * '''xmlns="http://josm.openstreetmap.de/tagging-preset-1.0"'''
  * '''author''' - the name of the author of the preset
  * '''version''' - the version number of the file. For automatical version adjustment of presets managed in this wiki you can use two internal variables: `[[revision]]` (the latest version number of the wiki page) and `[[date]]` (the date of the last edit).
  * '''description''' (i18n) - description what the file contains
  * '''shortdescription''' (i18n) - very short overview description i.e. the "name" of the preset
  * '''link''' (i18n) - web link to further details (optional)
  * '''icon''' - informational icon for the whole preset. (This is nedded to display the icon in the table at [[Presets]].)
  * '''baselanguage''' - when the base language is not English, specify it here (using non English preset texts prevents automatic translation)

  (i18n) means the values may also be localized (e.g. de.description).
[[BR]]
==== Comments ====
 <!-- this is an example comment -->::
  The document can contain embedded comments.
[[BR]]
==== Menu creation ====
 <group>::
  Used to group items in sub menus. `name` is required, `icon` is optional attribute.
 <item>::
  Every item is one annotation set to select from. `name` is required, `type` and `preset_name_label` are recommended, `icon` and `name_template` are optional attributes.
 <separator/>::
  Insert a line separator into the menu.
[[BR]]
==== Preset window layout ====
 <label>::
  Labels are static texts for display. `text` is a required attribute, `icon` and `icon_size` are optional.
 <space />::
  Add some space (ie a newline).
 <optional>::
  Used to group some optional elements of an item. The `text` attribute is optional. If used without `text` then this is equivalent to <space /><label text="Optional Attributes:"/><space />
 <item_separator />::
  Add a horizontal separator line between items.
 <link>::
  Specify a web link for this feature or to anything else of use. The `href` attribute is required.
 <checkgroup>::
  To group checks. The `columns` attribute is required.
 <roles>::
  This is required around <role> and adds the heading ("Availible roles role count elements") to the table which is generated by several <role>.
 <role>::
  To specify possible roles of members in relations. The `key` attribute is required, `text`, `requisite`, `count`, `type` and `member_expression` are optional.
 <preset_link>::
  Adds a link to an other preset. The `preset_name` attribute is required.
[[BR]]
==== Set a fixed key value pair ====
 <key>::
  This tag will always set a key to a specific value. `key` is required and if `value` is present, the key will be set. If `value` attribute is ommited, the key is removed. The `match` attribute is optional.
[[BR]]
==== Attribute entry and selection dialog boxes ====
 <text>::
  A text edit field to enter any arbitrary string from the user. `key` is mandatory, `text`, `default`, `use_last_as_default`, `auto_increment`, `length`, `alternative_autocomplete_keys` and `match` is optional
 <combo>::
  Displays a multiple choice combo box. `key` and `values` are mandatory, `text`, `default`, `editable`, `delimiter`, `values_from`, `display_values`, `short_descriptions`, `use_last_as_default`, `values_searchable`, `length` and `match` is optional.\\
  If editable is true (default), combo boxes can be edited as if they were text fields (additional to the drop down menu). Non editable combo boxes can only contain one of the specified values.
 <multiselect>::
  Displays a list from which zero or more items can be chosen. `key` and `values` are mandatory, and `text`, `default`, `delimiter`, `values_from`, `rows`, `display_values`, `short_descriptions`, `use_last_as_default`, `values_searchable` and `match` are optional. The selected values will be concatenated with the specified delimiter (default: semicolon) and written to the tag value. If a tag value has already been set when the preset dialog is opened, the multiselect will attempt to mark the appropriate items in the list as select. If the tag value cannot be represented by a combination of choices in the list, then the list will be disabled so that the user cannot accidentally overwrite a custom value. In contrast to the "combo" element, the "multiselect" expects the list of values, descriptions etc. to use the specified delimiter, i.e. by default you will have to use a semicolon. You can specify delimiter="," but then a comma will also be used in the tag value.
 <list_entry>::
  Used in <combo> and <multiselect>. More information see `short_descriptions`. The attributes are `value`, `display_value`, `short_description`, `icon` and `icon_size`.
 <check>::
  A checkbox which the user can only select or deselect (or set as unset). The `key` attribute is mandatory. `text`, `default`, `match`, `value_on` , `value_off` and `disable_off` are optional.
[[BR]]
==== Templates ====
 <chunk>::
  To define a template of elements for later (repeated) use. The `id` attribute is mandatory.
 <reference>::
  To include an earlier defined template. The `ref` attribute is mandatory.
[[BR]]
=== Attributes ===
The attributes of the tags have the following meaning:
 name="a_name"::
  Specify a name for an item. This name will be used in the GUI to display the tagging preset.
 name_context="context"::
  Translation context for name attribute to separate equals words with different meaning (not required for in-file translations).
 type="data_type"::
  When specified, only objects of the given type will be changed at all by this tagging preset. Can be "node", "relation", "way", "closedway" or any comma separated combination of them. Also used in the <role> tag to specify which object types are allowed for a specific relation member.
 icon="iconname"::
  A name or link to an icon. The image will be used as icon to display in the selection list and when adding the preset to the toolbar. Icons can also be used in <item>, <label> and <list_entry>. The icon should be quadratic in size. See [[Styles#Iconhandling]] how icons can be specified.
 icon_size="a number"::
  The maximal size of an icon in px. If no value is given, default is 16 for <label> and the default icon size for <list_entry /> (in <combo> and <multiselect>).
 key="some_key"::
  This specifies the property key that will be modified by the item. In case of <role> it is the role name used in a relation.
 text="Any text"::
  The description, that will be displayed before (after in case of <check>) the gui element. Also used for <label> and <optional>.
 text_context="context"::
  Translation context for text attribute to separate equals words with different meaning (not required for in-file translations).
 default="default_value"::
  The default value for the item. If not specified, the current value of the key is chosen as default (if applicable). In case of <check> whether the checkbox is ticked on or off by default (default is "off"). In case of <text>, <combo> and <multiselct> defaults to "".
 values="entry1,entry2,entry3"::
  A list of entries (for the <combo> box and <multiselect>). The list has to be separated by commas (for the combo box) or by the specified delimiter (for the multiselect). If a value contains the delimiter, the delimiter may be escaped with a backslash. If a value contains a backslash, it must also be escaped with a backslash.
 values_from="JAVA code"::
  To use instead of "values" if the list of values has to be obtained with a Java method of this form: public static String[] getValues(); The value must be: "full.package.name.ClassName#methodName".
 values_context="context"::
  Translation context for name attribute to separate equals words with different meaning (not required for in-file translations).
 display_values="Entry1,Entry2,Entry3"::
  A list of entries that is displayed to the user. Must be the same number and order of entries as `values` and `editable` must be false or not specified. For the delimiter character and escaping, see the remarks at `values`. Used in <combo> and <multiselect>.
 value="foobar"::
  Specify a value to be entered in the <key> tag.
 value_on="foobar"::
  Specify the true value to be entered in the <key> tag of a checked <check> (default is "yes").
 value_off="foobar"::
  Specify the false value to be entered in the <key> tag of a unchecked <check> (default is "no").
 disable_off="true"::
  Whether the off value of a <check> is disabled in the dialog, i.e., only unset or yes are provided.
 editable="false"::
  The combo box is readonly, which means that the user can only select an item in the list. Default is "true", which means, the user can add other values as text.
 use_last_as_default="true|false|force"::
  For <combo>, <multiselect> or <text> fields the last value is used as default. Using "force" enforces this behaviour also for already tagged objects. Default is "false".
 rows="count"::
  Specify the number of rows to display in <multiselect> entry (if not set, it is auto determined by java or the look and feel and results in e.g. 8).
 name_template="template", name_template_filter="search expression"::
  Custom name formatter for osm primitives matching this preset. See [[NameTemplate]] for details.
 match="none|key|key!|keyvalue|keyvalue!"::
  Allows to change the matching process, i.e., determining whether the tags of an OSM object fit into this preset. If a preset fits then it is linked in the [wiki:Help/Dialog/TagsMembership Tags/Membership dialog].
  * none: neutral, i.e., do not consider this item for matching
  * key: positive if key matches, neutral otherwise
  * key!: positive if key matches, negative otherwise
  * keyvalue: positive if key and value matches, neutral otherwise
  * keyvalue!: positive if key and value matches, negative otherwise

  Note that for a match, at least one positive and no negative is required. Default is "keyvalue!" for <key> and "none" for <text>, <combo>, <multiselect> and <check>.
 id="unique_identifier"::
  the unique identifier for this chunk
 ref="unique_identifier"::
  the unique identifier of the (already defined) template to include
 columns="a number"::
  the number of columns of grouped checks
 requisite="optional|required"::
  If a relation member is optional or required. Default is "optional".
 count="a number"::
  How often can a role occur (if not given unlimited number is assumed)
 member_expression="an expression"::
  an expression (cf. search dialog) for objects of this role
 preset_name="exact_name"::
  The exact name of the preset to link to.
 preset_name_label="false|true"::
  Whether to insert "[preset name]" label in dialog (defaults to "false" for backward-compatibility on external presets).
 length="a number"::
  The length of a <text> or <combo> box (number of characters allowed).
 alternative_autocomplete_keys="some_key(s)"::
  A comma separated list of alternative keys to use for autocompletion of <text>.
 auto_increment="-2,-1,+1,+2"::
  May contain a comma separated list of integer increments or decrements, e.g. "-2,-1,+1,+2". A button will be shown next to the <text> field for each value, allowing the user to select auto-increment with the given stepping. Auto-increment only happens if the user selects it. There is also a button to deselect auto-increment. Default is no auto-increment. Mutually exclusive with `use_last_as_default`.
 delimiter="special character"::
  The character that separates values. In case of <combo> the default is comma. In case of <multiselect> the default is semicolon and this will also be used to separate selected values in the tag. More information see <multiselect>.
 short_descriptions=""Entry1,Entry2,Entry3"::
  A delimiter-separated list of texts to be displayed below each `display_value`. (Only if it is not possible to describe the entry in 2-3 words.) Instead of comma separated list instead using values, display_values and short_descriptions, the following form is also supported: <list_entry value="" display_value="" short_description="" icon="" icon_size="" />
 values_searchable="true|false"::
  Whether to search in <combo> or <multiselect> (display_)values when searching for presets.

=== Deprecated Attributes ===
The following attributes are deprecated and no longer supported by JOSM:

 delete_if_empty="true"::
  was removed in [5155]. You can simply remove this attribute if still used in your preset.
 required="true"::
  replaced by `match` since [5155]

== Übersetzung ==
Um Übersetzungen zu unterstützen, können alle textlichen Elemente ("name", "text", "display_values") auch übersetzt werden. (Z.B. "de.name" würde den deutschen Name darstellen, wenn die deutsche Sprache in JOSM ausgewählt ist.)

JOSM-intern ([source:josm/trunk/data/defaultpresets.xml intere Objektvorlage]) werden alle "name", "text" und "display_values" übersetzt, wenn keine spezielle Übersetzung in der XML-Datei angegeben ist. Wenn kein "display_values" angegeben ist, wird "values" als "display_values" behandelt und stattdessen übersetzt. Wenn Übersetzungen von gleichen Wörtern aber mit verschiedener Bedeutung kollidieren könnten, sollte ein Übersetzungs-Zusammenhang angegeben werden. Nutze "name_context", "text_context" oder "values_context" dafür. Der Zusammenhang ("..._context") sollte eine aussagekräftige kurze Beschreibung sein, um Übersetzern zu helfen. Die Übersetzung für die interne Objektvorlage wird auf [https://translations.launchpad.net/josm/trunk Launchpad] durchgeführt (und wird künftig möglicherweise zu einem anderen Service wechseln, da das Launchpad Webinterface oft timeout-Fehler produziert, siehe #8645).

== Benutzung von Symbolen ==
Siehe [wiki:De:Styles#Iconhandling Styles].

== Ähnliche Seiten ==
* [wiki:De:Presets JOSM Objektvorlagen]
* [wiki:Help/Menu/Presets Preset Menü (en)]
* [wiki:Help/Preferences/Map#TaggingPresets Objektvorlageneinstellungen (en)]